Eligibility Details:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18-35 years old healthy male and female (BMI (body mass index) values between 19
and 30, inclusive).
- Physical conditioning allowing intermittent, mild exercise for 2 hours, and ability to
complete the exposure exercise regimen to induce a minute ventilation rate of 12
L/min/m^2 for 15 min without exceeding 80% of projected maximal heart rate.
- Normal EKG (electrocardiogram).
- Normal lung function based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
(NHANES) III reference values.
- Forced vital capacity (FVC) equal to or greater than 80 % of that predicted for
age, gender, ethnicity, and height.
- Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) equal to or greater than 80% of
that predicted for age, gender, ethnicity, and height.
- FEV1/FVC ratio equal to or greater than 80% of predicted values.
- Oxygen saturation greater than 94% at the time of physical exam.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Individuals with following conditions:
- a history of acute or chronic cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory
disease, cancer, rheumatologic disease, neuromuscular disease, or
immunodeficiency state.
- blood pressure readings equal to or greater than 140 systolic and equal to or
greater than 90 diastolic.
- diabetes (previously diagnosed or with hemoglobin A1c level equal to or greater
than 6.4%).
- asthma or a history of asthma.
- bleeding/clotting disorders.
- Individuals with a cardiovascular disease risk score greater than 10% using the
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Atherosclerotic
Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk calculator. (Based on the 10-year risk of heart
disease or stroke using the Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease algorithm published
in 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular risk.)
- Individuals who have unspecified illnesses, which in the judgment of the medical staff
might increase the risk associated with wood smoke inhalation will be a basis for
exclusion.
- Individuals who are currently taking systemic steroids or oral anticoagulants long
term.
- Individuals who are taking prescribed medications such as ß-blocker medications, that
may impact the results of wood smoke challenge for the duration of the study. Other
medications not specifically mentioned here may be reviewed by the medical staff prior
to an individual's inclusion in the study. Use of other medications will be evaluated
on a case-by-case basis. There is the potential that an individual's current
medication use will preclude them from participating in the study at the current time,
but they may be reassessed and potentially rescheduled for participation later based
on the judgement of the medical staff.
- Individuals who are allergic to:
- chemical vapors or gases.
- tape or electrodes on their skin
- Individuals who are pregnant, attempting to become pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Individuals who are currently smoking (including vaping, hookah and e-cigarette) or
have smoking history within 1 year of study or have an equal to or greater than a
5-pack year smoking history.
- Individuals living with a smoker who smokes inside the house.
- Individuals who are regularly exposed to high levels of vapors, dust, gases, or fumes.
- Individuals who do not read, speak, or understand English well enough to give informed
consent.
- Individuals that are unable to perform the exercise required for the study.
- Individuals who are unwilling or unable to stop taking any current dietary supplements
or vitamins for the duration of the study. Prebiotics and probiotics are acceptable.
- Individuals who are unwilling to avoid caffeine for 12 hours prior to all visits.
Temporary exclusion criteria:
- Individuals who have recent (within 6 month) abdominal and/or eye surgery, or with any
types of hernia, as well as any other contraindications for raised intra-abdominal
pressure.
- Individuals who have had an acute respiratory illness within 4 weeks.
- Individuals who have active allergies.
- Individuals who take over-the counter pain medications (such as aspirin, Advil, Aleve)
or NSAIDs, or have taken these medications within the last 48 hours.
common.study.methods.has-drugs-no
common.study.methods.is-healthy-no
