Eligibility Details:
Inclusion criteria
- Be between the ages of 18-65
- Smoke at least 10 cigarettes a day for the past 6 months
- Own an iPhone or Android smartphone that can be used on a daily basis
- Plan to be in the Philadelphia metropolitan area for the next 3 months, with the
exception of short periods of absence (no longer than 3 consecutive days and no more
than 10 days in total)
- Read and speak English fluently
Smoking exclusion criteria
- Current enrollment or plans to enroll in a smoking cessation program in the next 3
months
- Plan to use nicotine substitutes or smoking cessation treatments in the next 3 months
- Demonstrate carbon monoxide reading of less than 5ppm at intake session
Drug exclusion criteria
- Currently receiving treatment for substance abuse (e.g., alcohol, opioids, cocaine,
marijuana, or stimulants)
- Report consuming any of the following drugs within the past two weeks or indicate
plans to do so within the coming 6 weeks during the initial recruitment call:
Benzodiazepines, Amphetamines, Methamphetamines, Cocaine, MDMA, Methadone,
Barbiturates, PCP, Heroin, Oxycodone, Opiates (e.g., morphine, heroin), Buprenorphine.
- Test positive for any of the above drugs at Appointment 1.
Medical, medication, and fMRI exclusion criteria
- Use of any psychotropic medications included in the above list of drugs within 2 weeks
prior to T1 or anticipated use of these medications in the 6 weeks following T1
- Test positive for any of the above drugs at Appointment 1
- Schizophrenia or psychosis, regardless of treatment status
- Pregnancy
- History of stroke or other neurological disorder likely to affect cognition
- Psychiatric hospitalization within the past year
- MRI exclusion criteria
- Propensity to experience claustrophobia
- Ferromagnetic metal in the body, including anything that might set off a metal
detector. Examples include bullet shrapnel, metal shavings (e.g., from welding without
protection), or any implant that may be attracted to or damaged by magnets. Dental
fillings are generally acceptable.
- Metal in the body of an unverifiable origin
- Non-removable piercings
- Non-removable retainers or other dental work not compatible with fMRI.
- Any orthopedic implant above the neck
- Due to constraints of the fMRI scanner, participants whose weight exceeds 350 pounds
also will be excluded
General exclusion criteria
- Refusal to submit personal environment photographs
- Refusal to install Google Maps or LifeData applications on mobile phone
- Left handedness
- Any medical condition or concomitant medication that could compromise participant
safety or treatment, as determined by the Principal Investigator and/or Study
Physician.
- Inability to provide informed consent or complete any of the study tasks as determined
by the Principal Investigator and/or Study Physician.
- Any physical or visual impairment that may prevent the individual from using a
computer keyboard or completing any study tasks.
- During the first two weeks of the study, failure to complete the study tasks (response
to at least 80% of the brief EMA survey questions and submission of personal
environment photographs).
- The phones of potential participants will be assessed by trained recruiters either
during in-person recruiting or during a phone call used to invite eligible
participants who filled out the online screening survey for the first appointment.
Specifically, recruiters will assess whether phones' functionality allows easy
reception and sending of text messages, the use of the geolocation tracking and
LifeData applications and whether phones have an adequate battery life to allow
participants to fulfill study requirements.
common.study.methods.has-drugs-no
common.study.methods.is-healthy-no
